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government primary schools can c) Internet speed and network quality
connect with only 44.08percent of This is a problem faced by teachers
students. At the secondary level, the who take live classes through video
teacher can connect with 82.05percent conferencing which is dependent upon
of students and 95percent at the senior the speed and quality of the internet.T1
secondary level (column 8, table1). The and T7 find “poor network” a challenge
non-availability of devices is the main while taking live classes. “Another
reason for limited reach.
problem was that the voice clarity was
“The main issue in online teaching is not good where there was a network issue
that we are not able to connect with at the residence of a few students”..(T7).
all the students as they are not having
any resource with them”..(T3) d) Lack of Parental support

“But the only negative part is that many Due to the sudden implementation
parents still do not have a smartphone of online teaching, students were not
or sufficient (internet) data”..(T4) prepared to learn online. In such a
“all students are not accessible as scenario, parental support is required
everyone is not having smartphones for smooth online learning. T2, a
and sufficient data” ..(T5) government primary school teacher
said, “those kids whose parents are
“Students do not have personal
smartphones/laptops. Students often illiterate are not able to cope up with
message to inform me that they missed online classes”. In government schools,
some information as their father took many students are first-generation
the phone to work”..(T6) learners who cannot take the help of
their parents and with little or no digital
skills they fail to participate in online
b) Cost of internet
classes.
Another challenge in many low-income
families is the financial burden of e) Non-responsiveness of students
providing internet for their child’s
learning. “I feel the cost of the internet Teachers teaching primary and
might be a burden as well”..(T6). As secondary students found difficulty
pointed out by T2 “parents are mostly in ensuring the active participation
daily wagers” and most of them lost of students. While teaching through
their work during the COVID-19 crisis. remote means, teachers could not
Providing the internet to sustain the ensure 100percent participation. T2
education of their children is difficult. shared “60percent of students responded
T7 felt that “more (internet) data timely and almost daily”. T3 also said,
consumption” restricts students from “many of my students are not responding
participating in online activities. Many online”. Another primary teacher T4 said,
govt. school teachers are restricted “students are not responding despite
to sharing audio messages, text, so many reminders only a few students
and pictures to avoid heavy data gave the response”. “Keeping students
consumption. motivated to learn is also difficult while

Indian Journal of Educational Technology 85
Volume 3, Issue 2, July 2021